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jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 8:56:14 PM

[quote=White Meadows;555508]An interesting shift in NAO taking shape?

http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/pna/new.nao_index_ensm.html[/quote]


 


Always bare in mind though that they are individual GEFS members, that loan ranger towards the end has to be perturbation 6 me thinks!!!


 


http://www.meteociel.fr/modeles/gefs_cartes.php?code=6&ech=384&mode=0&carte=0


 


 

jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:14:22 PM

I will probably jinx it but i am for the first time this winter, really starting to get interested now, only a minor upgrade on the de bilt ens but they keep trending slightly colder each run.


 


http://www.knmi.nl/exp/pluim/vijftiendaagse/Data/15DAAGSE_06260_NWT.png


 


 


Some of those really fridgid now, the sort where massive instability could occur.

The Beast from the East
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:17:44 PM
Yes, impressive set of ECM ens in terms of temps but many of those cold runs may just be surface faux cold and not a scandi block
"We have some alternative facts for you"
Kelly-Ann Conway - special adviser to the President
Polar Low
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:18:02 PM

Ecm at the bottom of page as it always is with mine


Speaks for its self


http://www.jp2webdesign.co.uk/two/ensembles/


 


.


 

nouska
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:19:11 PM
We more usually look at the CFS anomaly maps on a NH view - this takes the forecasts to more IMBY level.

http://i.imgur.com/bIwT5jA.jpg 

http://i.imgur.com/uODjdl1.jpg 

The CFS AO forecast - a lot of scatter but definite trend to negative.

http://i.imgur.com/v0Hs5Jv.png 

The NAO is neutral overall.

Why Am I wasting my time with this, I hear you say...... well, I'm bamboozled for my CET guess and frantically scrabbling for inspiration before the deadline tonight.
Polar Low
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:20:39 PM

 


Cheer up Beast have you not read Brians winter forecast, Its going all ok


Yes, impressive set of ECM ens in terms of temps but many of those cold runs may just be surface faux cold and not a scandi block

Originally Posted by: The Beast from the East 

jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:21:41 PM


 


Cheer up Beast have you not read Brians winter forecast, Its going all ok


Yes, impressive set of ECM ens in terms of temps but many of those cold runs may just be surface faux cold and not a scandi block

Originally Posted by: Polar Low 


Originally Posted by: The Beast from the East 


 


please can you link me to Brians forecast, thanks.

The Beast from the East
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:27:53 PM
I haven't read it but I know Brian will sell his soul to get a quote in the Daily Express!!
"We have some alternative facts for you"
Kelly-Ann Conway - special adviser to the President
nouska
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:34:08 PM

Yes, impressive set of ECM ens in terms of temps but many of those cold runs may just be surface faux cold and not a scandi block

Originally Posted by: The Beast from the East 


Wind direction for coast on the Dutch/Belgium border.


http://i.imgur.com/RTzbO8n.png


T2m for same location.


http://i.imgur.com/cWYxo2s.png


I think that might offer me some guidance.

Hippydave
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:36:29 PM

Must admit I'm always pretty skeptical about the models getting easterlies right - the current sort of Northerly is a much more reliable pattern for them to get right. Okay corrections east can mean we end up missing the cold but the broad pattern is usually pretty good.


Easterlies though just seem much more likely to all go wrong either before the reliable frame or once you get to T120 or so. Once it does go wrong it's usually because the jet rides over the top and sinks it and you get a massive contrast from the cold that was progged to the mild south westerlies you end up with


All that said the current evolution does at least seem quite plausible to me and even the GFS op doesn't blast the block away despite an awful lot of energy in the Atlantic. Given the tendency for GFS (and all models at range I guess) to overplay the Atlantic then it's certainly interesting even if not something I'll give much confidence to for a while. I guess what needs to happen and what the ECM (and some of the other models) has been showing is for the jet to sink south after the initial shots of warm air riding over the nascent block. Coupled with what looks like a reasonable PV, most of which is far enough west to indicate scandi blocking then some sort of easterly influence is the result.


Bit of a high risk way to get cold but almost always better IMBY than a 'standard' Northerly. Now if we could get a cold easterly initially and then the HP transfers to somewhere near Greenland........


Edit: Turned in to a bit of a ramp that, which is a little bit daft given how unlikely the charts are to verify 


Home: Tunbridge Wells
Work: Tonbridge
polarwind
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:39:23 PM



Whether there is potential down the line remains to be seen but one thing currently stands out - the amazing spillage of arctic air into the mid latitudes - across continents and at such an early stage in winter.

http://images.meteociel.fr/im/7466/ECH0-96_man8.GIF

This is not really what the science based model outlook was indicating just a few weeks ago, all indicators were looking at a tight and discrete vortex with enough vorticity to keep the cold bottled up in the arctic.

Originally Posted by: nouska 

Interessting observation and comparison. I posted here a couple of weeks ago, or so, that I thought that there had been a game change in the last 3/4 years. What we learned over the last 30 years is mostly useful for the given forcings and balances of that time period. Something else has come into the equation now, and mostly, it isn't anthropological. Looking at this another way, the last 30 years has been abnormal and we are now reverting to the forcings and balances that were normal (average?) say 40 years ago.


And CO2 will have played a smaller role in this than the natural forcings.


I think forecasters will have to learn fast, if they don't want to be caught out.


 


Originally Posted by: polarwind 


Yes, agreed. At the end of the last model thread I posted a pdf on the DECIDER weather type prediction system that is based on cliper of the last fifty years. A combination of model volatility and patterns not developing as persistence seem to be a problem of late.


Originally Posted by: nouska 

Missed that, nouska, - very intertesting: something that has been done for many years - but more detailed variations of regimes, now,  than I remember from say 40 years ago.


 


 


"The professional standards of science must impose a framework of discipline and at the same time encourage rebellion against it". – Michael Polyani (1962)
"If climate science is sound and accurate, then it should be able to respond effectively to all the points raised…." - Grandad
"The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, and wiser people so full of doubts". - Bertrand Russell
"Science is the belief in the ignorance of the experts" – Richard Feynman
"A consensus means that everyone agrees to say collectively what no one believes individually.”- Abba Eban, Israeli diplomat
Dave,Derby
polarwind
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:49:20 PM


Must admit I'm always pretty skeptical about the models getting easterlies right - the current sort of Northerly is a much more reliable pattern for them to get right. Okay corrections east can mean we end up missing the cold but the broad pattern is usually pretty good.


Easterlies though just seem much more likely to all go wrong either before the reliable frame or once you get to T120 or so. Once it does go wrong it's usually because the jet rides over the top and sinks it and you get a massive contrast from the cold that was progged to the mild south westerlies you end up with


All that said the current evolution does at least seem quite plausible to me and even the GFS op doesn't blast the block away despite an awful lot of energy in the Atlantic. Given the tendency for GFS (and all models at range I guess) to overplay the Atlantic then it's certainly interesting even if not something I'll give much confidence to for a while. I guess what needs to happen and what the ECM (and some of the other models) has been showing is for the jet to sink south after the initial shots of warm air riding over the nascent block. Coupled with what looks like a reasonable PV, most of which is far enough west to indicate scandi blocking then some sort of easterly influence is the result.


Bit of a high risk way to get cold but almost always better IMBY than a 'standard' Northerly. Now if we could get a cold easterly initially and then the HP transfers to somewhere near Greenland........


Edit: Turned in to a bit of a ramp that, which is a little bit daft given how unlikely the charts are to verify 


Originally Posted by: Hippydave 

This is the experience of the regime of the last 30 years (bar the last 3 or 4).


During the last 3 or 4 years we have seen some changes where the jet doesn't (always) win the way you describe. This is related, imo, to the way the Azores high manifests itself, which is somehow affected by the changing UV output of the sun. (Jo Haigh)


"The professional standards of science must impose a framework of discipline and at the same time encourage rebellion against it". – Michael Polyani (1962)
"If climate science is sound and accurate, then it should be able to respond effectively to all the points raised…." - Grandad
"The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, and wiser people so full of doubts". - Bertrand Russell
"Science is the belief in the ignorance of the experts" – Richard Feynman
"A consensus means that everyone agrees to say collectively what no one believes individually.”- Abba Eban, Israeli diplomat
Dave,Derby
Steve Murr
Monday, December 2, 2013 9:57:24 PM

http://forum.netweather.tv/topic/78631-model-output-discussion-30th-november-onwards/page-64#entry2852232


 


Post 1277- Ive tried 3 times to paste it rather than link it but it doesnt work :(


 


S

cowman
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:01:20 PM


 


Cheer up Beast have you not read Brians winter forecast, Its going all ok


Yes, impressive set of ECM ens in terms of temps but many of those cold runs may just be surface faux cold and not a scandi block

Originally Posted by: jan1987blizzard 


Originally Posted by: Polar Low 


 


please can you link me to Brians forecast, thanks.

Originally Posted by: The Beast from the East 



Top of this page click on BUZZ.
jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:03:02 PM

Better amplification already on the 18z


 


 


 


EDIT : thanks and thanks to Steve for another enlightening post.

doctormog
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:18:23 PM
That potent glancing blow of the northerly on Thursday into Friday is still looking pretty good on the 18z run

Not that usual to see t850s at -10 in Switzerland from a northerly...

http://www.wetterzentrale.de/pics/Rtavn902.png 

http://www.wetterzentrale.de/pics/Rtavn661.png 
White Meadows
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:20:39 PM

http://forum.netweather.tv/topic/78631-model-output-discussion-30th-november-onwards/page-64#entry2852232


 


Post 1277- Ive tried 3 times to paste it rather than link it but it doesnt work :(


 


S

Originally Posted by: Steve Murr 



Sorry Steve I'm really struggling to read that font. I wanted to proceed with the whole post but gave up after a few paras.
Any way you can try again here?
Andy Woodcock
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:25:38 PM

When I logged on and noted how many posts there was on the Model Output thread I thought there must have been a massive pattern change!

Alas, nothing of the sort, more anticyclonic gloom and a 'potential' mild easterly at day 10 on ECM.


Oh dear, if that gets TWO members so excited things really must be bad


I will stick to the MetO MRF which basically says more of the same (anticyclonic gloom) till Christmas.


Andy


Andy Woodcock
Penrith
Cumbria

Altitude 535 feet

"Why are the British so worried about climate change? Any change to their climate can only be an improvement" John Daley 2001
moomin75
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:28:07 PM


When I logged on and noted how many posts there was on the Model Output thread I thought there must have been a massive pattern change!

Alas, nothing of the sort, more anticyclonic gloom and a 'potential' mild easterly at day 10 on ECM.


Oh dear, if that gets TWO members so excited things really must be bad


I will stick to the MetO MRF which basically says more of the same (anticyclonic gloom) till Christmas.


Andy


Originally Posted by: Andy Woodcock 

My thoughts entirely Andy. I really can't understand what the excitement is about - but perhaps I'm missing something?


Anyway - guaranteed pattern change will come after Friday as that's when I disappear for a few weeks watching England getting a good hiding in The Ashes.


Witney, Oxfordshire
100m ASL
jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:30:07 PM

Here is Steve's post.


 


 


Evening All-


 


 


Ive not replied to anything today- so sorry if ive missed anything important.


A juicy post to get your teeth into before the 18z.- An honest evaluation of the model performance this week.


 


So we are there now ( all but) - but the wide variations between the models have been removed & finally we have some unity with the best of it seemingly here at T84.


 


http://www.meteociel...84-21.GIF?02-12


http://www.meteociel...N84-7.GIF?02-12 into 96.


 


Within this short window of 18-24 hours there is the prospect of storm force Northerly winds & heavy snow showers packing into Northern Scotland, western Scotland, NI & possibly NE Scotland-


Im sure we will see a line of snow showers glancing the extreme east coast- but all staying offshore.


 


 


Perhaps now we have allignment of sorts - todays a day to reflect on the Rollercoaster that has been the model output of the last few days.


 


ECM-


Very very strong consistency from the ECM, showing the Northerly pattern - in-fact the ECM has had the correct pattern type on Nov 26 @ 00z & 12z - but really got its act together on the 27th-


 


Here are the ECMs for the last 5 days running 216 - 192 - 168 - 144 - 120


 


00z + 12z 216 chart 27th


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-216.GIF?00   SPOT ON


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-240.GIF?12  VERY GOOD


 


00z + 12z 192 Chart 28th


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-192.GIF?00  SPOT ON ( 100 miles to far west though) possibly slightly over amplified


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-192.GIF?12  EXCELLENT


 


00z + 12z 168 Chart 29th


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-168.GIF?00 V Close but to amplified at the SW Greenland tip


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-168.GIF?12 V Close but to amplified at the SW Greenland tip & to far west.


 


00z + 12z 144 chart 30th


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-144.GIF?00 V Close but as above- slightly to amplified & to far west 200 Miles.


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-144.GIF?12 V Close but eastward correction 100 miles - still to amplified.


 


00z + 12z 120 01st


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-120.GIF?00  Spot on barring the over amplification


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-120.GIF?12  Correction East, angle of amplification more NE instead of North-                 Looks to be spot on.


 


00z + 12z 96   2nd today


http://www.meteociel.../ECH1-96.GIF?00   SPOT ON


http://www.meteociel.../ECH1-96.GIF?12   12 hours later spot on....


 


 


ECM Summary :


 


If you look at the GLOBAL Picture- back across the last 12 runs you will see it nailed it on the 26th - some 9 days out at 216.- that's the ridge in the Atlantic, Deep low digging south over the North sea,


Aleutian Ridge moving SE downstream & a split flow over the states with a low in the Midwest.


 


 

jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:31:13 PM

PART 2 OF STEVE MURR'S POST.


 


 


The ONLY area of fault on the NEW updated ECM has come from the area around the SW tip of Greenland & the speed of the solution- being slow & amplified, in-fact its not 'quite' been there & that subsequent swing to a faster solution has taken the amplification past the point when it no longer goes North, but ENE traversing the coast of southern Greenland.


HERE


ECM96.jpg


 


What we are talking is an UNDER estimation of the Jet by a maybe a FEW M/S -


 


The net correction is a 'slightly flatter pattern, a slightly eastward jog (200 miles is nothing in weather terms- but Massive for the UK) & of course 1 full less day of cold as there is no high pressure to traverse around the high but through it.


 


We need to be clear though the ECM has never promised sustained HLB, just over amplified the ridge towards Greenland.


Incidentally the ECM made a similar mistake the other week, that is- totally lick the GFS in the overall pattern but mistake the over amplification- which again has big repercussions for the UK-


this was the model output ECM


 


http://www.meteociel...ECH1-144.GIF?12 


Notice ridging into Greenland


ACTUAL Varification:


http://www.meteociel.../ECH1-48.GIF?12 -


 


Notice the flatter upstream pattern- right in the place it hurts for us.


 


What to take away from the ECM for the rest of Winter,  ECM is the leading model over the GFS, it licked the 500 MB pattern 9 days in advance & has stuck with it run after run all the way through, however around the Iceland region it 'sees' more ridging than perhaps is going to happen-


there's not many places in the globe that the extra amplification matters, however at the southern tip of Greenland there comes a cut off where systems all of sudden STOP going North & suddenly start going East- this through an angle of 90 degrees.- so a SMALL error / bias which would normally swing from say 10 degrees to a ever so slightly flatter 20 degrees to the North is suddenly swung from 0 degrees North to nearly 90 degrees East.


This pattern change has a direct impact on the sustainability on UK cold as it shortens the cold & reduces the westerly penetration of cold-


 


This small error is some peoples eyes is a huge error- hence the calls for the ECM being trounced / its failed its followed the GFS etc etc-


No the model error is small but the visible impact to the UK is huge.- so the perception is skewed towards a thought process that the model is rubbish.


 


Its not- its king with a bias just like nearly all the models.


In terms of the rest of the Winter wit the ECM I will generally STILL run with this model - why? because the Hemispheric pattern for the last 4 years has been heavily loaded towards Northern blocking so fortunately the ECM bias hasn't been visible due the conditions actually supporting the bias, however this winter thus far that bias has made it look a little foolish - when actually its performed superb.


So for Future budding cold spells look towards Southern Greenland to see if there is any low pressure or shortwave action that is the key trigger - as this may be to slow & to far west in the ECMS eyes- then as it corrects east the low slips east of the tip rather than South.


 


SW GREENLAND = CRUCIAL TO THE UK COLD.


 


The GFS model... ( Links are the 12z & 00z model only)


 


What can I say about the GFS  ..... well in the name of balance when the ECM at 216 was picking up the pattern for spot on the GFS was here-


 


216 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...700-0-216.png?0   Very good but to flat with the US pattern


http://modeles.meteo...12-0-216.png?12   VERY GOOD


 


192 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...800-0-192.png?0  Pretty good but upstream Midwest low very fast ejecting out to pole


 


http://modeles.meteo...12-0-192.png?12   AWFUL AWFUL


look at the eastward bias in all its glory our northerly it over into Germany


 


168 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...900-0-168.png?0  Not bad- pretty close upstream


 


http://modeles.meteo...12-0-168.png?12  POOR AGAIN- look at that bowling ball low to the NE- but like all the other runs to Greenland ridging


 


144 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...000-0-144.png?0   V Poor but very flat- +4c isotherm across England some 14 degrees to warm @ 850.


 


http://modeles.meteo...12-0-144.png?12  Poor again- to far EAST - England has zero cold air. - Eastward bias evident again.


 


120 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...100-0-120.png?0 Pretty good ticks all the right boxes.


http://modeles.meteo...12-0-120.png?12 Slightly to far east again but catching up & westward correcting.


 


96 00z & 12z


http://modeles.meteo...0200-0-96.png?0 SPOT ON


 


http://modeles.meteo...212-0-90.png?12 SPOT ON.


 


GFS SUMMARY


 


Why do I personally Hate the GFS- because its always playing catch up to the EUROS, Its always flat when the Euros show an amplified pattern so is wrong nearly every time we get a Scandi or Greenland high.


 


 


We get 4 runs a day- which If I overlaid all the other 12 runs would show a multitude of scenarios, some at the extreme eastern end of the range, some over amplified ( looks like the 18z is usually the pub run) & some just on some wild tangent- usually the 06z.


 


 


 


Should I dismiss it- well I'm going to change my tact on GFS, what the faster flat pattern helps to show is usually the opposite of the pendulum, If the ECM is at the slowest amplified end then you can bet your bottom dollar that the GFS will be the flattest, with this in mind quite often the final solution is a blend of each- the halfway house- but normally not quite halfway to the GFS, more like 1 third to the GFS & 2 thirds of the EUROS-


 


 


 


From this you could generate a predicted forecast, but with one very difficult element & that is does the 2 third house create any pinch points that could change the final pattern so drastically for the UK-


 


 


 


2 main areas arise from this- ( For UK cold)-  Southern tip of Greenland energy is 1 & the other is when we are setting up Easterlies & low pressures are projected to move south then SW whilst the ridge builds above.-


 


The fast solution ( GFS ) will throw the low pressure further into Europe - but the bigger impact on the long-wave pattern is instead of a Scandi High you see a 'Sceuro' high, with the UK in a southerly or SE flow & the jet to flat on top.


 


Then as the Easterly approaches its how far does the GFS move to ECM where the Sceuro is suddenly a Scandi high again because the solution was in-fact slower.


 


 


 


This example is VERY evident tonight.


 


 


 


GFS SCEURO HIGH- http://modeles.meteo...nh-0-192.png?12


 


JMA Scandi high       -http://www.meteociel...92-21.GIF?02-12


 


 


 


This all comes from FAST v SLOW solutions.


 


 


 


Anyway, what to take away from the GFS-


 


 


 


12z Eastward bias. IGNORE- if its significantly FLATTER or EAST than the ECM.


 


6z/18z                   . IGNORE - if its significantly different to the ECM.


 


 


 


00z-                       do not discount- I cannot find to many faults with the 00z GFS- not biased in many ways & generally the most consistent.


 


What we can also take away is the GFS will find the weaknesses in the blocking first ( usually) because its primed for a faster solution- so that can support us going forward with comparisons with the ECM.


 


 


 


 


 


The model that's come out best again is the UKMO- resilient & Smooth, seemless & minimal fuss.


 


In this case it started at 144 with the 2 thirds house & has never changed since.


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


The Scandi High..........


 


 


 


I'm pleased that I presented this idea first ( even Mr Holmes questioned the 500 heights not following ANY ridging to Scandi)


 


 


 


The forecast was driven by the angle of the jet coming out of Canada & the subsequent split flow-


 


It is now appearing in the models-


 


 


 


So what would be tonights forecast- based on the ABOVE model inconsistencies.


 


 


 


GFS- 12z 240- Slight amplification -


 


http://modeles.meteo...nh-0-240.png?12 


 


But a Euro high- 


 


 


 


Mild SW winds for the UK.


 


 


 


 


 


ECM 240 12z Much better amplification


 


http://www.meteociel...H1-240.GIF?02-0  KEEN ESE wind & very cold at the surface, -


 


JMA 192-        Run of the day


 


http://www.meteociel...92-21.GIF?02-12  Easterly @ 216


 


GEM 240 - AWSOME


 


http://modeles.meteo...nh-0-240.png?12 


 


 


 


But... the Best suite of the day is the ECM 15 day.


 


 


 


00z Chilly


 


http://www.knmi.nl/l...0.png&width=692   day 11/12 mean around 4c.


 


 


 


12z very much colder


 


http://www.knmi.nl/l...0.png&width=692 ( swop to 12z) Day 11/12 mean now down to 2.5c & the control + op very cold.


 


 


 


Therefor the updated forecast based apon the model bias today is-


 


 


 


Northerly toppler, for 24 hours, high pressure ridging over the top but contrary to the GFS no WAA getting into the UK barring the extreme NW -


 


The SE staying cold-


 


day 8 -9 look for Energy dropping south into scandi in the form of a shallow low- with rapid pressure building NE, the UK sitting at the extreme western end of blocking for day 9/10.- light Southerly or SE tug.


 


Then energy getting underneath tugging the winds easterly & increasing day 12.


 


 


 


 


 


Look out for the Maps for 13/14 December.


 


 


 


best regards


 


Steve


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:32:37 PM

In 2 parts as it wont let you post that long a post in one go.

jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:53:42 PM

Underwhelming end to the 18z but a cracking days entertainment model wise, the trend is there.

moomin75
Monday, December 2, 2013 10:57:17 PM


Underwhelming end to the 18z but a cracking days entertainment model wise, the trend is there.


Originally Posted by: jan1987blizzard 

Really? The trend appears to be there to a slow and steady warm-up....8-10c by the mid-late term on this run.


Witney, Oxfordshire
100m ASL
jan1987blizzard
Monday, December 2, 2013 11:04:09 PM



Underwhelming end to the 18z but a cracking days entertainment model wise, the trend is there.


Originally Posted by: moomin75 

Really? The trend appears to be there to a slow and steady warm-up....8-10c by the mid-late term on this run.


Originally Posted by: jan1987blizzard 


 


 


Cast your mind back the last few days, ok the Northerly plunge was progged to last longer by other models but never the GFS, but24-48 hours ago it was zonality in FI or a MLH, today we have seen undercutting taking place and in the case of some model output, being on the cusp of an 09 Easterly, possibly even a 91/87 Easterly, yes of course completely FI timescale but you want it trending that way surely???,   PV getting smashed right up the middle which can only help us long term, even if we are not on the right side of blocking, surely some sort of stratospheric feedback on the cards with charts like that, yes a potent cold spell still odds against before xmas, but was looking a near impossibility not so long ago.

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